Axis 5

Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

Concentration of critical raw material imports across supplier countries, with material-group decomposition.

Version v0.1Status: FrozenUnit: EurMaterialized: Yes

Cross-EU Statistics

Countries Scored

out of cohort (EU-27)

Min (Most Diversified)

0.1124

Spain

Max (Most Concentrated)

0.5470

Finland

Mean

0.2515

Cohort average

Std Deviation

0.1218

Cross-country dispersion

Range

0.4346

Max − Min spread

Score Distribution — Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

Distribution of HHI scores across all scored cohort countries for this axis.

Data Sources & Channels

This axis is computed from 2 data channel(s). Each channel represents a distinct trade-flow or supplier concentration dataset.

Ch. A: Aggregate Supplier Concentration

Eurostat Comext — Detailed Trade Statistics

Publisher: European Commission, Eurostat

Dataset: ds-045409

Reference: ec.europa.eu

Retrieval: Retrieved February 2026

EU external trade in goods — detailed CN8/HS6 bilateral data.

Ch. B: Material-Group Weighted Supplier Concentration

Eurostat Comext — Detailed Trade Statistics

Publisher: European Commission, Eurostat

Dataset: ds-045409

Reference: ec.europa.eu

Retrieval: Retrieved February 2026

EU external trade in goods — detailed CN8/HS6 bilateral data.

Known Limitations & Warnings

[High]Re-export and entrepot masking: bilateral trade records shipping country, not origin. 13 of 27 reporters source >50% from EU partners.
[Medium]Small-economy amplification: CY, MT, LU produce mechanically high HHI values due to low total import volumes.
[Medium]CN8 scope covers upstream materials only. Midstream processing and downstream products excluded. China's role understated.
[Low]Confidential trade suppression: Q-prefix partner codes excluded. May cause underestimation for some partners.

Country Rankings — Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

1.FinlandFI

0.5470

Δ +0.2955Highly Concentrated● Outlier

2.CroatiaHR

0.5239

Δ +0.2724Highly Concentrated● Outlier

3.DenmarkDK

0.4363

Δ +0.1847Moderately Concentrated● Outlier

4.CyprusCY

0.4236

Δ +0.1720Moderately Concentrated

5.MaltaMT

0.4087

Δ +0.1572Moderately Concentrated

6.EstoniaEE

0.3862

Δ +0.1347Moderately Concentrated

7.AustriaAT

0.3186

Δ +0.0670Moderately Concentrated

8.IrelandIE

0.3072

Δ +0.0556Moderately Concentrated

9.PortugalPT

0.2596

Δ +0.0080Moderately Concentrated

10.HungaryHU

0.2341

Δ −0.0175Mildly Concentrated

11.GermanyDE

0.2231

Δ −0.0284Mildly Concentrated

12.SloveniaSI

0.2230

Δ −0.0285Mildly Concentrated

13.LuxembourgLU

0.2230

Δ −0.0286Mildly Concentrated

14.GreeceEL

0.2220

Δ −0.0295Mildly Concentrated

15.ItalyIT

0.2084

Δ −0.0432Mildly Concentrated

16.SwedenSE

0.1926

Δ −0.0590Mildly Concentrated

17.BelgiumBE

0.1725

Δ −0.0791Mildly Concentrated

18.CzechiaCZ

0.1698

Δ −0.0818Mildly Concentrated

19.PolandPL

0.1653

Δ −0.0862Mildly Concentrated

20.FranceFR

0.1612

Δ −0.0903Mildly Concentrated

21.RomaniaRO

0.1581

Δ −0.0934Mildly Concentrated

22.SlovakiaSK

0.1549

Δ −0.0966Mildly Concentrated

23.LatviaLV

0.1512

Δ −0.1003Mildly Concentrated

24.BulgariaBG

0.1484

Δ −0.1031Unconcentrated

25.LithuaniaLT

0.1306

Δ −0.1210Unconcentrated

26.NetherlandsNL

0.1302

Δ −0.1214Unconcentrated

27.SpainES

0.1124

Δ −0.1392Unconcentrated

#	Country	Score	Δ Mean	Classification	Outlier
1	FinlandFI	0.5470	+0.2955	Highly Concentrated	●
2	CroatiaHR	0.5239	+0.2724	Highly Concentrated	●
3	DenmarkDK	0.4363	+0.1847	Moderately Concentrated	●
4	CyprusCY	0.4236	+0.1720	Moderately Concentrated	—
5	MaltaMT	0.4087	+0.1572	Moderately Concentrated	—
6	EstoniaEE	0.3862	+0.1347	Moderately Concentrated	—
7	AustriaAT	0.3186	+0.0670	Moderately Concentrated	—
8	IrelandIE	0.3072	+0.0556	Moderately Concentrated	—
9	PortugalPT	0.2596	+0.0080	Moderately Concentrated	—
10	HungaryHU	0.2341	−0.0175	Mildly Concentrated	—
11	GermanyDE	0.2231	−0.0284	Mildly Concentrated	—
12	SloveniaSI	0.2230	−0.0285	Mildly Concentrated	—
13	LuxembourgLU	0.2230	−0.0286	Mildly Concentrated	—
14	GreeceEL	0.2220	−0.0295	Mildly Concentrated	—
15	ItalyIT	0.2084	−0.0432	Mildly Concentrated	—
16	SwedenSE	0.1926	−0.0590	Mildly Concentrated	—
17	BelgiumBE	0.1725	−0.0791	Mildly Concentrated	—
18	CzechiaCZ	0.1698	−0.0818	Mildly Concentrated	—
19	PolandPL	0.1653	−0.0862	Mildly Concentrated	—
20	FranceFR	0.1612	−0.0903	Mildly Concentrated	—
21	RomaniaRO	0.1581	−0.0934	Mildly Concentrated	—
22	SlovakiaSK	0.1549	−0.0966	Mildly Concentrated	—
23	LatviaLV	0.1512	−0.1003	Mildly Concentrated	—
24	BulgariaBG	0.1484	−0.1031	Unconcentrated	—
25	LithuaniaLT	0.1306	−0.1210	Unconcentrated	—
26	NetherlandsNL	0.1302	−0.1214	Unconcentrated	—
27	SpainES	0.1124	−0.1392	Unconcentrated	—

● Outlier: country score deviates > 1.5σ from mean (0.1827).

Interpretive Boundaries

This axis measures structural concentration (HHI-based) in the critical inputs external supplier concentration domain. It does not capture:

Qualitative resilience or substitutability of suppliers
Political risk or geopolitical alignment of trade partners
Temporal trends or year-over-year trajectory
Intra-EU vs. extra-EU supplier concentration decomposition

High concentration ≠ high vulnerability. Contextual interpretation required.

← Back to Overview

Axis 5

Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

Concentration of critical raw material imports across supplier countries, with material-group decomposition.

Version v0.1Status: FrozenUnit: EurMaterialized: Yes

Cross-EU Statistics

Countries Scored

out of cohort (EU-27)

Min (Most Diversified)

0.1124

Spain

Max (Most Concentrated)

0.5470

Finland

Mean

0.2515

Cohort average

Std Deviation

0.1218

Cross-country dispersion

Range

0.4346

Max − Min spread

Score Distribution — Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

Distribution of HHI scores across all scored cohort countries for this axis.

Data Sources & Channels

This axis is computed from 2 data channel(s). Each channel represents a distinct trade-flow or supplier concentration dataset.

Ch. A: Aggregate Supplier Concentration

Eurostat Comext — Detailed Trade Statistics

Publisher: European Commission, Eurostat

Dataset: ds-045409

Reference: ec.europa.eu

Retrieval: Retrieved February 2026

EU external trade in goods — detailed CN8/HS6 bilateral data.

Ch. B: Material-Group Weighted Supplier Concentration

Eurostat Comext — Detailed Trade Statistics

Publisher: European Commission, Eurostat

Dataset: ds-045409

Reference: ec.europa.eu

Retrieval: Retrieved February 2026

EU external trade in goods — detailed CN8/HS6 bilateral data.

Known Limitations & Warnings

[High]Re-export and entrepot masking: bilateral trade records shipping country, not origin. 13 of 27 reporters source >50% from EU partners.
[Medium]Small-economy amplification: CY, MT, LU produce mechanically high HHI values due to low total import volumes.
[Medium]CN8 scope covers upstream materials only. Midstream processing and downstream products excluded. China's role understated.
[Low]Confidential trade suppression: Q-prefix partner codes excluded. May cause underestimation for some partners.

Country Rankings — Critical Inputs External Supplier Concentration

1.FinlandFI

0.5470

Δ +0.2955Highly Concentrated● Outlier

2.CroatiaHR

0.5239

Δ +0.2724Highly Concentrated● Outlier

3.DenmarkDK

0.4363

Δ +0.1847Moderately Concentrated● Outlier

4.CyprusCY

0.4236

Δ +0.1720Moderately Concentrated

5.MaltaMT

0.4087

Δ +0.1572Moderately Concentrated

6.EstoniaEE

0.3862

Δ +0.1347Moderately Concentrated

7.AustriaAT

0.3186

Δ +0.0670Moderately Concentrated

8.IrelandIE

0.3072

Δ +0.0556Moderately Concentrated

9.PortugalPT

0.2596

Δ +0.0080Moderately Concentrated

10.HungaryHU

0.2341

Δ −0.0175Mildly Concentrated

11.GermanyDE

0.2231

Δ −0.0284Mildly Concentrated

12.SloveniaSI

0.2230

Δ −0.0285Mildly Concentrated

13.LuxembourgLU

0.2230

Δ −0.0286Mildly Concentrated

14.GreeceEL

0.2220

Δ −0.0295Mildly Concentrated

15.ItalyIT

0.2084

Δ −0.0432Mildly Concentrated

16.SwedenSE

0.1926

Δ −0.0590Mildly Concentrated

17.BelgiumBE

0.1725

Δ −0.0791Mildly Concentrated

18.CzechiaCZ

0.1698

Δ −0.0818Mildly Concentrated

19.PolandPL

0.1653

Δ −0.0862Mildly Concentrated

20.FranceFR

0.1612

Δ −0.0903Mildly Concentrated

21.RomaniaRO

0.1581

Δ −0.0934Mildly Concentrated

22.SlovakiaSK

0.1549

Δ −0.0966Mildly Concentrated

23.LatviaLV

0.1512

Δ −0.1003Mildly Concentrated

24.BulgariaBG

0.1484

Δ −0.1031Unconcentrated

25.LithuaniaLT

0.1306

Δ −0.1210Unconcentrated

26.NetherlandsNL

0.1302

Δ −0.1214Unconcentrated

27.SpainES

0.1124

Δ −0.1392Unconcentrated

#	Country	Score	Δ Mean	Classification	Outlier
1	FinlandFI	0.5470	+0.2955	Highly Concentrated	●
2	CroatiaHR	0.5239	+0.2724	Highly Concentrated	●
3	DenmarkDK	0.4363	+0.1847	Moderately Concentrated	●
4	CyprusCY	0.4236	+0.1720	Moderately Concentrated	—
5	MaltaMT	0.4087	+0.1572	Moderately Concentrated	—
6	EstoniaEE	0.3862	+0.1347	Moderately Concentrated	—
7	AustriaAT	0.3186	+0.0670	Moderately Concentrated	—
8	IrelandIE	0.3072	+0.0556	Moderately Concentrated	—
9	PortugalPT	0.2596	+0.0080	Moderately Concentrated	—
10	HungaryHU	0.2341	−0.0175	Mildly Concentrated	—
11	GermanyDE	0.2231	−0.0284	Mildly Concentrated	—
12	SloveniaSI	0.2230	−0.0285	Mildly Concentrated	—
13	LuxembourgLU	0.2230	−0.0286	Mildly Concentrated	—
14	GreeceEL	0.2220	−0.0295	Mildly Concentrated	—
15	ItalyIT	0.2084	−0.0432	Mildly Concentrated	—
16	SwedenSE	0.1926	−0.0590	Mildly Concentrated	—
17	BelgiumBE	0.1725	−0.0791	Mildly Concentrated	—
18	CzechiaCZ	0.1698	−0.0818	Mildly Concentrated	—
19	PolandPL	0.1653	−0.0862	Mildly Concentrated	—
20	FranceFR	0.1612	−0.0903	Mildly Concentrated	—
21	RomaniaRO	0.1581	−0.0934	Mildly Concentrated	—
22	SlovakiaSK	0.1549	−0.0966	Mildly Concentrated	—
23	LatviaLV	0.1512	−0.1003	Mildly Concentrated	—
24	BulgariaBG	0.1484	−0.1031	Unconcentrated	—
25	LithuaniaLT	0.1306	−0.1210	Unconcentrated	—
26	NetherlandsNL	0.1302	−0.1214	Unconcentrated	—
27	SpainES	0.1124	−0.1392	Unconcentrated	—

● Outlier: country score deviates > 1.5σ from mean (0.1827).

Interpretive Boundaries

This axis measures structural concentration (HHI-based) in the critical inputs external supplier concentration domain. It does not capture:

Qualitative resilience or substitutability of suppliers
Political risk or geopolitical alignment of trade partners
Temporal trends or year-over-year trajectory
Intra-EU vs. extra-EU supplier concentration decomposition

High concentration ≠ high vulnerability. Contextual interpretation required.